Musa paradisiaca Linn. is a popular Indian medicinal plant belonging to the Musaceae family. This plant commonly known as plantain or banana is highly eating nutritious fruit over the world. A wide range of phytochemical constituents have been isolated from this plant. It has long been used in traditional Ayurvedic Indian medicine for various diseases. This plant is pharmacologically studied for analgesic activity, antidepressant activity, adaptogenic activity, anticonvulsant activity, CNS depressant activity, antidiarrhoeal activity, antiurolithiatic activity, antiulcerative activity, antimicrobial activity, antidiabetic activity, antioxidant activity, antilipidemic activity, antihypertensive activity, antiatherosclerotic activity, cytotoxic activity, Thrombolytic activity, Antimalarial activity, Antisnakevenom activity, Mutagenic activity, Hepatoprotective activity, Hair growth promoting activity, Wound healing activity, Bioabsorptive activity and Tablet disintegrant activity and many other activities. A comprehensive account of the morphology, phytochemical constituents, traditional uses, and pharmacological activities reported are included in view of the many recent findings of importance on this plant.