“Inequality is not just an issue between individuals, between classes, between regions. It’s between urban and rural”-Michael Jgnatieff. India is the country of diversity and uniqueness. Disparities and discrepancies are everywhere whether in policy making or policy implementation, economic or social characteristics in urban areas and rural areas. Rural percentage in total population was 82.7 percent in the year 1951 which lowers to 74.3 percent in 1991 and further down to 68.8 percent in 2011(census 2011). This shows a gradual declining trend in rural share in population, GDP and workforce through decades. Despite the Growing rate of urbanization, it is projected that the half of the country’s population will be rural by 2050. About 25.7 percent of total rural population lives below national poverty line (poverty estimates, planning commission report 2011). Rural societies in India suffer from disparities in terms of education, employment, gender biasness, land ownership and other assets. Thousands of people every year migrated in search for employment opportunities from rural to urban. For the eradication of these differences government tried the aid of rural development which includes the implementation of various life enhancing programmes. Uttar Pradesh has highest percentage of rural population in all states. Present study is all about rural development and the socio- economic condition of rural areas. Through which we got to know the actual condition of the cholapur block of Varanasi district. It also deals with the intensity of programmes launched by the government for development. Cholapur block is situated at 20 kilometres to the north of Varanasi city, it shows a pattern that how there will be great gap in urban and rural atmosphere.