Scholars International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology (SIJOG)
Volume-3 | Issue-04 | 127-133
Original Research Article
A Comparative Study of Oxidative Stress in Preeclampsia and Normal Pregnancy
Constance E Shehu, Bissallah A Ekele, Bilbis L Suleman, Abubakar A Panti, Ukwu A Eze, Ahmed T Burodo, Bilal Suleiman
Published : April 30, 2020
Abstract
Objectives: Pre-eclampsia is a human pregnancy-specific disorder. It is an important cause of maternal mortality in Sokoto, Northwestern Nigeria and is associated with a five-fold increase in perinatal mortality. Identifying modifiable factors to decrease oxidative stress in the pregnant woman’s environment may be an inexpensive and non-invasive therapy for decreasing the maternal and foetal morbidity and mortality associated with preeclampsia. This study aimed at comparing the levels of 3 oxidative stress markers; glutathione peroxidase (GPX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA) and 4 antioxidants (Catalase, Vitamins A, C and E) in normotensive and preeclamptic pregnant women in Sokoto. Methodology: This was a prospective cross-sectional study of 199 normotensive and 201 preeclamptic women attending the antenatal clinics or admitted to the pre-eclamptic/eclamptic wards of Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto or Specialist Hospital Sokoto. Structured questionnaires were administered and relevant information obtained. Blood samples were obtained by standard laboratory techniques and assayed for the oxidative stress markers and antioxidants. Statistical analysis was by GraphPad InStat Software (version 3.0) San Diego, USA. Results: The mean levels of oxidative stress markers MDA and GPX were increased in the preeclamptic women (3.44±1.25 and 71.53 ± 26.02) when compared to controls (3.024±1.08 and 62.58 ± 22.45) respectively (p=0.00) while SOD was decreased in the cases (13.00±15.27) when compared to the controls (57.21 ± 38.08) p=0.00. The antioxidant Vitamins A and C were significantly decreased in the preeclamptic women (1.52±1.68 and 0.14±1.33) p=0.00 while Catalase was increased (50.93±36.22; p=0.00). Conclusion: The results of this study are in agreement with most previous studies which showed that markers of lipid peroxidation were increased in the plasma of women with preeclampsia. Follow-up studies, are needed to enable us arrive at the certain conclusion that interventions with antioxidants and vitamins may be the panacea to this disease in our sub-region.