Culture plays an important role in the country's development process. The Communist Party of Vietnam has emphasized that culture is the spiritual foundation of society, both as a goal and a driving force of socio-economic development. In the process of international integration, the role of culture is shown more clearly. Currently, the Government of Vietnam is conducting a review of the Vietnam Cultural Development Strategy to 2020. Therefore, the accurate and objective assessment of cultural development over the past time is the scientific basis for policymaking for this particular area. This research focuses on analyzing opportunities and challenges with preserving and promoting the national cultural identity; the changes of national cultural values and the goals of promoting the national cultural identity of Vietnam in the process of international integration; at the same time, it suggested solutions to develop Vietnamese culture in the coming years.