Geography textbooks are an important tool for geography teachers to carry out classroom teaching. Full understanding of textbooks can help teachers flexibly choose the teaching contents and better achieve teaching goals. Taking the chapter of “Climate” as an example, this paper analyzed the textbook from four aspects: internal and external relations of knowledge structure system, requirements for curriculum standards and teaching goals, the key and difficult points and teaching hours assignment, picture and text structure of the textbook. The article also puts forward three suggestions: (1) Junior middle school geography teaching should link to real life; (2) “Activities” in the textbook should be combined with the “Text”; (3) Summarize the knowledge points in the form of tables.