Food allergy is defined as an adverse immune-mediated response, which arises on exposure to a given food and is absent during prevention. The prevalence of food allergies has been increasing in the past twenty years and it represents a major public health problem in industrialized countries. Management of food allergy includes allergen avoidance or emergency treatment. An increasing appearance of allergies and atopic disorders, such as asthma, dermatitis, and rhinitis, has been observed in recent decades. Epidemiological studies show a global increase in the prevalence of food allergy all over the world and manifestations of food allergy appear increasingly frequent also in elderly subjects. Henceforth, food allergy has become an increasing concern for families, clinicians, and policymakers. Several healthcare surveys, and results from longitudinal cohort studies around the globe indicate that food allergy imposes a growing burden to the world.