Haya: The Saudi Journal of Life Sciences (SJLS)
Volume-3 | Issue-03 | 269-276
Original Research Article
Levels of Mercury in Some Commonly Consumed Fish in Ghana and Their Potential Health Risk to Consumers
Wonder Agbasah, Margaret Boohene
Published : March 30, 2018
Abstract
A total of seventy five (75) marine fishes comprising eight (8) species were
collected from local wholesale markets at Kaneshie and Abeka, Accra, Ghana. The
samples obtained from Kaneshie market were Salmon salar (Salmon), Thunnus
obesus (Tuna), Scomber scombrus(Atlantic mackerel) and Clupea harengus (Atlantic
herring) and those obtained from Abeka market were Centroberyx affinis (Red fish),
Merluccus paradoxas(Hake fish), Scomber trachurus (Atlantic horse mackerel) and
Melanogrammus aeglefinus(Haddock). Mercury concentrations in the muscle and
liver tissues were determined by cold vapour atomic absorption spectrophotometry
using a semi-automated mercury analyzer. Mean mercury concentrations in the
muscle ranged from 0.06 to 0.33 µg g-1 wet weight, with Thunnus obesus having the
highest followed by Merluccus paradoxas which are all predatory fishes. Mean
mercury concentration in the liver tissue ranged from 0.06 to 0.34 µg g-1 wet weight,
with Thunnus obesus having the highest followed by Melanogrammus aeglefinus.
There was no significant difference between mercury concentrations in the muscle
and liver tissues for any of the samples. Low levels of mercury were found in both
tissues for all the samples. Mercury concentrations were relatively greater in the
tissues of higher trophic level fish such as Thunnus obesus, Merluccus paradoxas and
Melanogrammus aeglefinus whereas low trophic level fishes recorded low mercury
concentrations. The results obtained for total mercury concentration in the muscles
analyzed in this study were below the WHO/FAO threshold limit of 0.5µg/g wet
weight, which suggest that the exposure of the general public to mercury through fish
consumption can be considered negligible.