The objective of the current study was to investigate changing profile of reproduction hormone (Progesterone and Estradiol) BCS and parity in relation to the resumption of ovarian cyclicity postpartum in cows of European origin under semiarid conditions of Algeria. To measure plasma progesterone (P4) and estradiol 17-β (E2), blood samples were collected from 21 Montbéliarde dairy cows at 30, 40 and 50 d postpartum (dPP) respectively. Body condition score (BCS) was taken before and after calving. Cows were grouped based on progesterone concentration (resumption of ovarian cyclicity, ≥1 ng/mL) at 30, 40, and 50 dPP into a non ovarian activity (NOA) group (n = 6) and ovarian activity (OA) group (n = 15). P4 concentration was higher in the OA group than in the NOA group and statistically differed at 50 dPP (p = 0.04). E2 was higher in the OA group than a NOA group at d 30 (p = 0, 01) and d 40 (p = 0, 03). Despite superiority of BCS peri and postpartum but no significant differences were detected between the two groups. There was no significant difference between parity and ovarian resumption groups. Two groups were formed based on differences in onset of postpartum resumption of ovarian activity. OA (n =15/21 or 71.42 %) showed first ovulation between 30 d and 50 d after parturition. NOA (n = 6/21 or 28.57 %) manifested a first ovulation > 50 d in milk.