This study aimed at studying the epidemiology and prevalence of risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases. 254 male subjects aged between 30 and 60 years old and apparently in good health having consented freely. They were randomly selected from 10 health areas, including 5 in urban area (n=107) and 5 in rural area (n=147), in Dschang Health District. After obtaining the ethical clearance, the level of physical activity, the data on socio-demographic conditions and smoking were identified by a simplified questionnaire. With the help of nurses and investigators, anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, umbilical perimeter, waist circumference, body mass index and fasting blood glucose were measured. Approximately 5 ml of blood was taken at the elbow for biochemical assays. The collected data were submitted to the EPI-InfoTM version 7.1.5.0. Software. Results showed that 83% of people were inactive in rural area and the 41-50 age group was more inactive (18.03%) whereas in the urban area there was 76.19% of inactive people and the 51-60 age group recorded the most inactive individuals (43.83%) (P>0.05). The inactive population showed 38.24% overweight and 14.7% obese. Smokers represented only 20.55% in rural area and 16.82% in urban area. Triglycerides, which were higher among smokers in rural area (349 ±49.23 mg/dl at P>0.05) than in the urban area for former smokers (343.78 ±48.08 mg/dl) who had a higher rate but without significant difference with the other categories of smokers (P>0.05). Atherosclerosis index of smokers from urban area was higher without significant difference compared to other groups.