The paper investigates the effect of female entrepreneurship on poverty in Cameroon. The two stage least squares estimation technique was used to estimate the parameters of both the female and poverty models for the period 1985 to 2016. Findings from data analysis revealed that female unemployment and domestic credit to private sector are key determinants to female entrepreneurship in Cameroon. Also female entrepreneurship was seen as a key factor in reducing poverty at a national level in Cameroon. From a policy perspective, an important conclusion is that for Cameroon to achieve the medium term objectives of poverty reduc tion as stated in the Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP) and eventually to attain the long term vision of emergence by 2035, female entrepreneurship needs to be given more consideration in government’s economic policy.