Saudi Journal of Medicine (SJM)
Volume-5 | Issue-09 | 300-304
Original Research Article
Serial Estimation of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio Predicts Progress of Critical Illness in Patients with COVID-19 Disease
Abdullah Al Jadidi, Mohammad Azharuddin Malik, Naresh Kumar Kaul, Rashid M Khan
Published : Sept. 19, 2020
Abstract
A high incidence of lymphopenia has been reported in Covid-19 patients. The initial neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) of ≥ 3.13 in Covid-19 patients predicts a high propensity of these patients to progress to critical illness. However, it has not yet been established if NLR would start to lower towards a normal ratio of 1-3 during patient’s road to recovery. This study hypothesized that NLR would start to return towards normal as patients recovered from this illness. This study included 43 patients with Covid-19 infection treated in the ICU at Khoula Hospital, Muscat from 10th May to 5th August 2020. Seven readings of NLR (NLR1 to NLR7) from the time of going on ventilator (NLR1) to discharge of patient (NLR7) from the ICU were statistically analyzed using paired ‘t’ test for patients who recovered or those who died. NLR values demonstrated a progressive fall in patients who recovered when comparison was made between NLR1 with other readings (NLR2 to NLR7). On the contrary, insignificant changes in NLR values were observed when comparison was made between NLR1 with subsequent day’s readings in patients who died while in ICU. In conclusion, this study suggests that the NLR of patients who survived showed a downward trend from its initial high values. In contrast, patients who died while in the ICU, NLR values showed little change from their basal value.