Saudi Journal of Nursing and Health Care (SJNHC)
Volume-9 | Issue-09 | 247-257
Original Research Article
Prevalence, Patterns and Factors Associated with Intimate Partner Violence among Women Living with HIV Attending a Tertiary Hospital in North-Central Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Study
Agbo, Paul Ede, Audu, Esther, Surajudeen, Oyeleke Bello, Agbo, Favour Ene, Changkat, Lucky Lohnan, Mosugu, Oseyi, Amanyam, Clement Terngu, Hussaini, Onawo Yusuf, Agu, Luka, Aboje, O. Aboje, Ogwuche, Igoche John
Published : Sept. 8, 2026
Abstract
Background: Intimate partner violence (IPV) may adversely affect the wellbeing, treatment adherence and engagement in care of women living with HIV. This study determined the prevalence, patterns and factors associated with IPV among women receiving HIV care in North-Central Nigeria. Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among women living with HIV attending the Federal University Teaching Hospital, Lafia. Following data cleaning, 296 eligible unique participants were retained. IPV was assessed using the eight-item Women Abuse Screening Tool (WAST); scores ≥5 indicated probable IPV during the preceding 12 months. Descriptive statistics, chi-square or exact tests and multivariable logistic regression were employed. Results: Among 288 participants with complete WAST responses, 151 screened positive for IPV, giving a prevalence of 52.4%. Emotional, physical and sexual abuse were reported by 44.1%, 42.4% and 22.9%, respectively. In the adjusted model (n=268), women aged 25–34 years had higher odds of IPV than those aged 35–44 years (AOR=3.92; 95% CI: 1.22–12.61), whereas women aged ≥55 years had lower odds (AOR=0.20; 95% CI: 0.07–0.63). Remaining with the same partner since HIV diagnosis was associated with increased odds of IPV (AOR=4.65; 95% CI: 1.50–14.37). The model demonstrated acceptable calibration and discrimination. Conclusion: IPV was common among women receiving HIV care, with emotional and physical abuse particularly prominent. HIV services should incorporate confidential, trauma-informed enquiry, safety assessment and appropriate multidisciplinary referral pathways.