The aim of this study is to examine the effects of personality traits (Big-Five personality) on both job satisfaction and job performance, and to evaluate how job satisfaction affects job performance in the case of the hospital sector. The collected data from 1200 employees in 52 hospitals in Jordan was analyzed, using structural equation modeling. The study finds out that the conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and openness traits exert positive effects, while neuroticism personality produces a negative effect on job satisfaction. Further, personality traits have a significant correlation with job performance. Job satisfaction has also significant effects on job performance. The empirical analyses yield results consistent with these arguments, personality traits assessed as predictors of job satisfaction and job performance. This study provides guidelines for the hospital sector to emphasize the attribute of employees that could affect and enhance their job satisfaction and performance. Implications for research and practice are correspondingly discussed.