Breast cancer represents the most prevalent cancer type among women in Saudi Arabia. Despite the availability of early detection programs via mammography, participation rates remain suboptimal due to limited awareness and prevalent misconceptions regarding the screening process. This review aims to consolidate and critically analyze published studies examining the impact of health education on women’s awareness and knowledge of mammogram screening. Evidence indicates that structured health education interventions delivered in healthcare settings or through community campaigns and digital media significantly enhance women’s knowledge and encourage early detection practices. The findings underscore the necessity of sustained educational programs and active involvement of healthcare professionals, particularly radiologic technologists and nurses, to optimize breast cancer prevention and early detection.