Saudi Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences (SJHSS)
Volume-10 | Issue-12 | 630-640
Original Research Article
Sedimentary Facies Analysis and Depositional Environment Reconstruction of Clastic Successions in Opi and Environs, Anambra Basin (Ajali and Nsukka Formations)
Onuoha Thomas Tochukwu, Nwafor Emmanuela Nnedimma*, Abdulmumuni Barikisu Momoh, Ozobialu Benedicta Ngozi, Ogbodo Ugochukwu Kingsley, Nwachukwu Martin Chijioke
Published : Dec. 24, 2025
Abstract
Detailed sedimentary facies and depositional environment studies were carried out on clastic deposits outcropping around Opi and its environswithin the Ajali and Nsukka Formation of the Anambra Basin. This defines the depositional facies, and sandstone hydrodynamics. The results revealed sixlithofacies which are systematically recognized into four genetically connected facies associations based on the textural parameters and diverse sedimentary structures derived from the hydrodynamic controls. The sedimentary facies include Structureless sandstone facies, Heterolith facies, Mudstone facies, Wave ripple facies, Parallel laminated sandstone facies and Planar Cross bedded Sandstone facies with its respective structural elements pivotal in the qualitative and quantification of the lithofacies and facies association description. The facies associations systematic paleo-environment diagnosis reveals depositional in fluvial, upper shoreface to lower shoreface depositional settings. The sandstones are predominantly medium to coarse grained and poorly sorted, indicating high-energy depositional conditions. Furthermore, their symmetrical skewness suggests the depositing medium operated at a steady velocity over a prolonged period, a characteristic feature of fluvial systems.