Preventive nursing plays a vital role in strengthening public health by promoting wellness and reducing the spread of infectious diseases. This study highlights the most effective strategies used in preventive nursing and examines current challenges that limit their impact. Key approaches include comprehensive health education that empowers communities, vaccination programs that reduce disease incidence, and epidemiological surveillance that enables early detection and response. Strict infection control protocols also remain essential in minimizing transmission within healthcare and community settings. Despite its importance, preventive nursing faces several obstacles. These include limited public awareness, rising antimicrobial resistance, and shortages in financial and human resources. Additionally, healthcare providers often require enhanced cultural competence to effectively address diverse community needs. To overcome these challenges, the study recommends strengthening health policies, increasing investment in preventive services, and adopting technological solutions such as telehealth to expand access to care. Continuous professional development for nurses and strong multidisciplinary collaboration are also crucial in improving preventive practices. Supporting further research in preventive nursing can help create more resilient health systems capable of responding to future infectious threats. Overall, reinforcing preventive nursing efforts Is essential for enhancing global health security and improving population health outcomes.