Scholars International Journal of Chemistry and Material Sciences (SIJCMS)
Volume-8 | Issue-06 | 300-310
Original Research Article
Removal of Cu2+, Fe3+ and Pb2+ from Abbatoir Wastewater Using TiO2/CdS Nanocomposite: Isotherm and Kinetics Studies
Etsuyankpa Binin Muhammad, Musa Safiyanu Tanko, Ambo Amos Idzi, Sulaiman L. Aliyu, John Tsado Mathew
Published : Nov. 13, 2025
Abstract
Abattoir wastewater is a hazardous effluent, which is of high concentration of heavy metals (Cu2+, Fe3+, Pb2+) which are very dangerous to the environment and health. Traditional treatment procedures usually do not identify the high removal efficiencies needed to discharge safety. We synthesized TiO2 /CdS nanocomposite through a hydrothermal process in this study and examined its performance in the adsorption of Cu2+, Fe3+ and Pb2+ ions through synthetic abattoir wastewater in ambient conditions. The material had a high specific surface area (= 130 m2 g -1) and the TiO2 nano-particles were evenly dispersed on a CdS substrate as evidenced by the X -ray diffraction, EDX and BET analysis. The Langmuir model (R2 larger than 0.99) describing the adsorption isotherms was an indication that the monolayer is homogeneous, meaning that it is well-covered, whereas the pseudo-second-order kinetic model (R2 larger than 0.98) demonstrated that chemisorption is the rate-limiting step. The findings confirm TiO2/CdS nanocomposite as a high-potential, reusable adsorbent to effectively extract Cu2+, Fe3+ and Pb2+ in abattoir wastewater, which is an economical alternative to traditional treatment. Moreover, synergistic behavior between narrow bandgap semiconductor CdS and high-surface-area TiO2 high affinity of the composite towards metal ions was also explained. The next step of work will be conducted in the pilot-scale implementation and evaluation of the performance of the composite on the abattoir effluents.