The tariff measures launched during Donald Trump’s presidency substantially remodeled global trade patterns, with profound impact for India’s economy. This paper examines the impact of these tariffs on India’s export potential, trade balances, and sectoral growth, particularly in steel, pharmaceuticals, textiles, and agriculture. It also explores cascade effects through supply chain disruptions, shifts in bilateral trade relations, and the strategic reform of India’s trade policy. Using trade statistics, policy analysis, and global market trends, the study appraises both short-term and long-term impressions. The findings provide insights into how protectionisms abroad impact emerging economies like India, designing their economic sustainability and resilience measures.