Endometriosis is a chronic, estrogen-dependent inflammatory disorder that affects nearly 10% of individuals of reproductive age worldwide. It is associated with severe pelvic pain, infertility, and profound psychosocial burden. Despite the absence of a definitive cure, recent evidence underscores the importance of prevention, early intervention, and comprehensive management. Strategies such as lifestyle modification, dietary interventions, hormonal suppression, and early diagnostic practices have shown potential in reducing disease incidence, severity, and recurrence. This review integrates current insights into pathophysiology, preventive measures, systemic effects, infertility, and therapeutic approaches, highlighting the need for a holistic, multidisciplinary framework spanning primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention.