The paper examines the impact of mobile health applications on patient adherence through a literature-based research approach. Key questions explored include the impact of mHealth on treatment compliance, the efficacy of app-based interventions, and barriers to adoption. The study aims to assess mHealth’s influence on adherence, identify success factors, and evaluate its potential to address healthcare gaps. The methodology involved a systematic literature review of peer-reviewed articles, clinical trials, and case studies from 2015 to 2023, utilizing qualitative and quantitative analysis to synthesize findings. Data were collected on app features, user engagement metrics, and adherence outcomes from databases like PubMed, IEEE Xplore, and Google Scholar. Results show that mHealth apps significantly improve adherence through reminders, educational content, and personalized feedback, with a notable impact on chronic disease management. Challenges such as low digital literacy and privacy concerns hinder efficacy. The study concludes that mHealth has transformative potential but depends on user-centered design, robust data security, and healthcare system integration. Contributions include a framework for optimizing app-based interventions and policy recommendations to support digital health adoption. Practical applications include reduced treatment gaps and healthcare costs, while limitations like sample bias and technological evolution highlight the need for longitudinal research. Future directions include investigating AI-driven personalization and cross-cultural adaptability.