Background: Adolescence is a critical transitional phase marked by developmental and social changes, often accompanied by behavioral challenges. Aggressive behavior during this period poses significant risks, including academic failure, social maladjustment, and long-term negative behavioral patterns. The study aimed to assess the risk factors which are associated with aggressive behavior among adolescents in Bangladesh. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 103 adolescents from Shahid Abdur Rab Serniabat Government Secondary School, Rupatoli, Barishal, using a convenient sampling technique. Data collection involved a self-reported questionnaire comprising two sections: 1) Demographic Information and 2) the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ). Statistical analyses, including descriptive and inferential statistics, were performed using SPSS 25. Results: The mean aggression score among adolescents was (M = 2.70, SD = 0.62), reflecting average levels of aggression. Significant relationships were found between monthly family income (r = 0.19, p = 0.04) and the number of siblings (r = -0.62, p = 0.04) and aggressive behavior. Adolescents from families with higher monthly incomes exhibited higher aggression scores, whereas those with a greater number of siblings demonstrated lower aggression scores. Conclusion: The findings of this study provide insights into the risk factors associated with aggressive behavior among adolescents. These results can inform the development of targeted strategies to mitigate behavioral problems and support health education initiatives aimed at addressing the impact of aggression in this vulnerable age group.