The Niger Delta, a region rich in biodiversity and natural resources, has been significantly impacted by environmental degradation, primarily due to oil exploration and extraction activities. The main causes of environmental degradation in this region include oil spills, gas flaring, deforestation, and industrial pollution. Oil spills, often resulting from pipeline leaks and operational failures, have led to the contamination of waterways and soil, adversely affecting aquatic life and local communities that depend on these resources for their livelihoods. Gas flaring contributes to air pollution and climate change, while deforestation driven by oil-related activities results in habitat loss and decreased biodiversity. The effects of environmental degradation in the Niger Delta are profound and multifaceted. They include health problems among local populations, loss of agricultural productivity, displacement of communities, and social conflicts over resource access. The degradation of the environment has not only undermined the ecological balance but has also exacerbated poverty and social unrest in the region. To mitigates the adverse effects of environmental degradation, several measures can be implemented. These include enforcing stricter regulations on oil companies, promoting sustainable agricultural practices, and investing in environmental restoration projects. Community engagement and empowerment are crucial, ensuring that local populations have a voice in decision-making processes related to resource management. Furthermore, leveraging technology for environmental monitoring and promoting alternative livelihoods can help reduce dependency on oil and foster resilience among communities. In conclusion, addressing the causes and effects of environmental degradation in the Niger Delta requires a multifaceted approach that combines regulatory enforcement, community involvement, and sustainable practices. These efforts are essential for restoring the health of the environment and improving the quality of life for the region's inhabitants.