This study systematically examines the knowledge and practices of Peripheral Intravenous Catheterization (PIVC) among nursing professionals at the Armed Forces Hospital in King Abdulaziz Air Base (AFH-KAAB) in Dhahran, Saudi Arabia. The primary objective is enhancing success rates and minimising complications associated with intravenous cannulation through improved training methodologies. Employing a mixed-methods approach, this research integrates qualitative insights from clinical practice and focus group discussions with quantitative data analysis. Data were collected using a self-administered survey and analysed using SPSS Version 29. The survey encompassed socio-demographic information, sources of knowledge concerning PIVC, and specific practices associated with PIVC. The findings reveal that socio-demographic factors significantly impact knowledge and practice levels, underscoring the need for tailored educational resources. The study concludes that implementing targeted interventions to enhance nurses’ knowledge and skills in PIVC can significantly improve patient safety, increase success rates, and lead to more favourable healthcare outcomes. These findings provide critical insights for developing customized training programs and educational initiatives to elevate nurses’ competency and proficiency in PIVC. Ultimately, these efforts contribute to achieving zero harm in intravenous care and optimising healthcare quality by reducing patient harm.