In recent years, biogenic approaches to crafting silver nanocomposites have garnered considerable attention outstanding to their potential in developing semi-healthcare and para-pharmaceutical consumer products. This study presents a novel, environmentally benign method for synthesizing silver nanoparticles operating the previously unexplored mucus derived from the Common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Thorough characterization of the resultant materials using UV–Visible Spectroscopy and FTIR Spectroscopy techniques confirms the successful formation of silver nanoparticles within the common carp mucus matrix. Subsequent testing against a diverse selection of bacterial strains, including Gram-positive (Escherichia coli) and Gram-negative (Bacillus subtilis), as well as a fungal strain (Terbinafine), using the well diffusion method, reveals potent antibacterial and antifungal properties exhibited by the silver nanoparticles embedded in the mucus matrix. Further experiments were conducted to ascertain the inhibitory concentration against both bacterial strains. Cytotoxicity assessments conducted via in vitro analysis using blood intriguingly heightened cytotoxic activity of the biogenically synthesized silver nanoparticles within the biocompatible mucus, suggesting potential applications in anticancer therapies. Moreover, evaluation of antioxidant properties (DPPH, TPC, TFC) and enzymatic activities (SOD, POD, CAT, TSP) of the mucus-based nanoparticles demonstrates promising outcomes, indicative of their potential utility in formulating antimicrobial.