Saudi Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences (SJHSS)
Volume-9 | Issue-05 | 157-176
Review Article
Corporeal Transcendentalism in Pierre Meinrad Hebga’s Perspective of Human Nature
Theophilus Ngeh ASAH, Elias Ihimbru NUM
Published : May 30, 2024
Abstract
This paper focuses on an African pluralistic conception of human nature with specific reference to a Cameroonian Philosopher and Theologian Pierre Meinrad Hebga (1928-2008), whose thesis was developed as an attempt to resolve the problems raised by dualism. It should be recalled that the question on human nature since the 17th century had been dominated by Western dualism, in its diverse forms, and it was based on the dichotomy between two substances; a perishable material body; and the immortal soul. The dualist conception of human nature combines both materialist and immaterialist perspectives of human nature. However, it suffered from the dilemma of the dualist problem precisely to know which of the two substances controls the other and how two completely different substances can interact. From this dualistic conception, a question arises to know whether the human body is pure matter. It in this light that Hebga rejects the Western dualism and hence proposes a pluralistic and unified interpretation of human nature from an African perspective based on a tripartite division (a three in one conception); body, breath and shadow which co-exists with each instance representing an entire person viewed from a particular perspective. Likewise, the three instances are relational and cohabit as a composite. This implies that both the body and the soul that form a composite both subsist at death and are hence transcendental. The basic thrust to Hebga’s thesis of this paper is that the human body is not just simple material entity, but material entity informed by breath (spirit), which subsists at death and goes beyond. Human beings are to be thought as beings distinct in kind from purely physical objects. Hebga’s transcendental view of the body in particular and the other non-corporeal instances enable us to understand paranormal phenomena. Hence, throughout this paper our position shall be that of a pluralistic conception of the human being as a composite of the material body, the immaterial breath and shadow. I will further employ Hebga’s tripartite division of human instances to explain paranormal activities as another dimension of human nature. A historical and critical analysis of various secondary sources including Hebga’s philosophical works will help to bring to limelight that his philosophical approach on human nature falls within the armpit of the philosophy of postmodernism, and particularly, deconstruction, for it attempts to disclose the contradictions of classical philosophical concepts; and also tries to open up new and innovative human thinking.