Lymphangiectasia is a secondary phenomenon that results from obstruction of previously normal lymphatic systems leading to dilation of the lymphatic vessels. Its occurrence in women is very rare. We report the clinical case of vulvar lymphangiectasia observed in a patient seen in gynecological consultation. The symptomatology was dominated by the appearance of vulvar swelling that had been evolving for 6 months and gradually increased in volume; the patient benefited from an exploration assessment which came back in favor of vulvar lymphangiectasia and was referred to a dermatological consultation for further treatment.

Background: The cephalic index and head circumference are important anthropometric parameters that can provide insights into the physical characteristics and growth patterns of populations. There is dearth of data on Cephalic Index and Head circumference of Igbo Children and Adolescents. Method: This study examined 725 Igbo children and adolescents aged 5 to 19 years in Enugu, South-eastern Nigeria, using a cross-sectional approach. Results: The majority of participants exhibited mesocephalic head shape (43.2%), with brachycephalic and dolichocephalic shapes observed in 32.7% and 14.2% of the population, respectively. Mean head circumference increased with age in both sexes. Cephalic indices in boys under 12 and girls under 15 were below 80 but increased above these ages. Changes in head shape, potentially towards brachycephalization, were noted as children grew. Significant correlations were found between head circumference and cephalic index with age, height, weight, and body mass index, suggesting their relevance in forensic and anthropological investigations. Conclusion: Our results indicate diversity in head shapes and sizes, with mesocephalic heads being most common. As age increases, head circumference also tends to increase, and changes in head shape towards brachycephalization was observed. These findings underscore the importance of understanding anthropometric variations in different populations and suggest avenues for further research, particularly longitudinal studies, to explore the factors influencing these patterns.

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the commonest endocrine thyroid malignancy. The concurrent incidence of intrathyroidal parathyroid adenoma and papillary thyroid carcinoma is an infrequent finding. Surgical treatment via excision is the only definitive management approach. Here in we present a case report of intrathyroid parathyroid adenoma with incidental papillary micro carcinoma in a 36 year-old-female who initially presented with osteoporosis.

Background: This study aimed to assess the awareness of nurses who care for pediatric patients related with drug preparation and administration conducted in Gaffer Bin Auf children hospital. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from November to December 2015, in Gaffer Bin Auf children hospital, largest pediatric hospital in Khartoum state. The total sample size was 92 participants. The self-administered questionnaire was constructed with a total of 26 questions. For data analysis, we performed nonprobability descriptive study design. Results: The results imply that Majority of respondents aged between 20-30 years (56.5%). Approximately half of the nurses held a bachelor’s degree (52.2%), while the remainder held a diploma (47.8%). A significant proportion of nurses (83.7%) reported no prior training in drug preparation and administration. Most nurses (46.7%) had 2-5 years of clinical experience, and 69.6% worked afternoon and night shifts. Regarding drug preparation and administration, varying levels of knowledge were observed among nurses. Notable percentages of nurses demonstrated awareness in areas such as double-checking during preparation (56.5%) and using distilled water or normal saline for non-contraindicated suspension drugs (56.5%), nurse answered can avoid a mistake during Preparation by prepare medication for one individual at a time with (90.2%), most of nurses have good level of knowledge regarding to drug preparation & administration practice with (65.6%). bachelor's degrees are more likely to demonstrate proficient drug preparation and administration practices compared to those with diplomas, with a significant difference of 94% (p=0.047, AOR: 0.6, 95% CI: 0.03, 1.1). This research indicating that bachelor's degree nurse graduates generally exhibit better educational preparedness for quality and safety. Additionally, participants working morning shifts are 3.4 times more likely to exhibit good drug preparation and administration practices compared to those on night shifts (p=0.011, AOR: 3.4, 95% CI: 1.3, 8.1), and 4.6 times more likely compared to those on afternoon shifts (p=0.015, AOR: 4.6, 95% CI: 1.8, 9.2). Participants with good knowledge of drug preparation and administration practices are 2.614 times more likely to exhibit proficiency compared to those with poor knowledge (p<0.001, AOR: 2.614, 95% CI: 1.78, 3.90). Conclusion: The study revealed significant insights into the demographic characteristics, educational backgrounds, and practices related to drug preparation and administration among nurses. Despite a substantial portion reporting no prior training, varying levels of knowledge were evident, with most nurses demonstrating awareness in key areas such as double-checking during preparation and using appropriate solutions for suspension drugs. While there are areas for improvement, the findings suggest a solid foundation of knowledge among nurses regarding medication safety, highlighting the importance of ongoing education and fostering a culture of continuous learning within healthcare ..............

Microteaching is an innovative educational method that began to be applied almost fifty years ago in teachers’ education and training, with its application subsequently expanding to other professional environments. This paper focuses on the study of the role and application of microteaching and attempts to demonstrate its value and importance mainly concerning candidate and serving teachers’ education and training. This article initially presents the definition, the object, the stages, and the scientific foundation of the method under discussion. Then, general information is provided for the application of microteaching both in Greece and internationally. Finally, the value of microteaching, its importance, and its contribution, especially in teacher education and training, are analyzed and discussed.

Triple-negative breast cancer (estrogen receptor negative, progesterone receptor negative and HER2 negative) is a particularly high-risk breast cancer which does not receive specific therapy targeting these proteins. We report the case of a 23-year-old patient diagnosed with triple-negative breast cancer of the left breast with a family history of breast cancer and carrying a BRCA1 mutation. The classification of breast cancer based on genomic data is required to allow us to optimize therapies and improve the management of breast cancer patients.

Critical thinking is part of the skills needed in science learning in the 21st century. However, the PISA test results show that the level of critical thinking abilities of students in Indonesia is still relatively low. This research was carried out as an effort to overcome this, by developing teaching materials on reaction kinetics based on tetrahedral representations with an ethnoscience approach to improve students' critical thinking skills. This research was carried out in development stages involving 5 expert and practitioner validators and 66 students. Data was collected using questionnaires, observation sheets and test instruments. The data analysis technique used is descriptive data analysis technique, namely by describing the validity, practicality and effectiveness of the teaching materials being developed. The results of this research show that the teaching materials developed are very valid with a validity score of 90.91% and very practical with a practicality score of 90.97%. These results indicate that the teaching materials developed are suitable for use in order to improve students' critical thinking abilities.