Housing is constitutional right and human basic need. So, the objective of the paper to assess the status of housing need fulfilment for low income marginalized group. Questionnaire survey and interview were conducted with the selected, non selected construction completed and construction not started yet applicants of Program of the study area to assess the current housing scenario and their perception about the fulfilment of the housing need. Likewise the questionnaire survey and interview were carried out with planners, implementers and concerned organisations to find out the most important factors influencing the housing need of the low income groups (dalits and poor musalmans). Over 65% of the people of the low income groups (dalits and poor musalmans) in the study area were found very poor housing condition and uneducated. The improvement in the education level brings awareness, better employment opportunity and consequently improves their economic status and housing condition. The major factors of housing need are as: Neighborhood and community attachment, Place of living currently, Geographical location, Easy access to the family’s occupation, Family’s income respectively to importance.

This study was aimed at establishing a standardized method for the processing of a traditional product, Kamsa, with consistent qualities, for prospective industrial or commercial purposes. Three samples (K1, K2, and K3) from fresh skeletal muscles of cow were prepared using the most common traditional methods of kamsa preparation. For the purpose of comparison, the fourth sample (K4) was prepared from the same meat source but, by modification of established standard methods of food dehydration and preservation. Process standardization was carried out through sensory evaluation by 15 panelists on a nine point hedonic scoring system, with 9 and 1 being extremely liked and extremely disliked, respectively. Results indicated that, among all the kamsa samples (K1 to K4) standardized, samples K4 and K1 scored the highest means in all the parameters evaluated, but varied significantly (P ≤ 0.05) in their aroma. A t-test comparison was further carried out between K1 and K4 samples, and the results also showed that K4 was the most preferred sample. It was concluded that the preparation method used for K4 sample could be adopted as a standard method for industrial or commercial preparation of high quality and safe kamsa.

This study looked at the challenges faced by the automobile industry in Nigeria. The study also carried out automotive assembly process performance analysis for improved productivity. The analysis was performed at an automobile plant in Nigeria. The overall number of material handling systems and kinds of material handling systems were determined. The number of automated, manual and semi-automated equipment’s used was also determined. The number of workers on the line were also determined. The labour productivity, hours per unit, organizational hour per unit, and TEEP were also determined. From the analysis, the average production volume of automobile assembly line is 256 units for every month and its average on time delivery is 80.6 %. Nine hours was the time period the workers spent every day. 163 personnel with various skill sets were involved in the plant. The size of the plant is about 550,000m2 and it housed offices, workstations, equipment’s and operators. The average hour per unit is 155 hours. The average organizational hour per unit is 148 hours i.e. it takes 148 hours to assemble the car. The total effective equipment performance is 61.89%. This result shows that the plant is still under-utilized. The study recommends that more workers should be employed and predictive maintenance practises should be used to avoid collapse of machines in the assembly plant.