Automatic building change detection required for metropolitan and urban planning , industrial city planning, road and highway planning, unauthorized construction detecting, stopping any new construction on risky or highly dense areas, planning for homeland security etc. This research proposal aims for automatic building change detection and 3D map generation using multispectral imagery and 3- dimentional height data. The goal for this research proposal is to detect building changes with precise geometric accuracy and use the detected building changes data to generate 3D building map. High resolution aerial and satellite imagery and highly dense height data from LIDAR can detect building change and can generate an accurate up-to-date 3D building map.

By studying quantum state, quantum state spaces as well as multiple qubits of quantum mechanics, it is found that an active path finding robot can be designed on the basis of quantum mechanics. To begin with, quantum encoding, quantum logic gates, quantum logic circuit, quantum gate arrays and quantum parallelism are studied. Then a robot on the basis of quantum bits is designed. Finally, an active path finding algorithm on the basis of quantum fourier transforms and related pathing finding algorithm are found. Meanwhile, some examples and related analyses indicate that an active path finding robot on the basis of quantum mechanics is feasible.

River bank erosion has always been a challenging problem in Bangladesh. Conventional method of designing erosion protection structures are governed by the hydraulic loads resulting from currents and waves. In practice, toe protection elements are dumped into flowing water and settle somewhere on the river bed to form an apron. The present study has been undertaken to investigate experimentally the aspect of underwater threshold condition of toe protection elements. The experiments are conducted in the large tilting flume of the Hydraulics and River Engineering Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering Department, BUET. Cubeshaped Concrete Block (CC block) is considered as erosion resistant material. A geometrically similar undistorted scale factor of 20 has been selected to conduct the experiment. Hydraulic parameters and CC block are selected based on typical field condition and the experiment is designed according to the scale. Two different initial water level (set-up 1 and set-up 2) is deliberated for the same size of CC block to investigate the hydraulics of threshold characteristics. During experimentation various observations are made and the measured data are used to analyze various hydraulic features of threshold condition. Gradual smooth increment of flow is ensured to reach threshold condition. At this stage, water level is 0.212 m, section average velocity is 0.55 m/s and depth averaged velocity is 0.54 m/s for set-up 1. While for set-up 2, water level is 0.256 m, section average velocity is 0.54 m/s and depth averaged velocity is 0.53 m/s. Though the threshold velocity magnitude for setup 1 and set-up 2 are very close, the corresponding water level is quite different since initial depth of flow is different. It is expected that the results obtained here can be useful to develop predictive expression for estimating the threshold velocity of CC blocks. Scope of detailed analyses in this area of interest is in progress.

In this study EPANET, a widely used water distribution package was linked to OptiGa, a Visual Basic ActiveX control for implementation of genetic algorithm, through Visual Basic programming technique, to modify the computer software called OptiNetwork. OptiNetwork was applied to Badarawa / Malali distributionnetwork consisting of 96 pipes of different materials, 75junctions, two tanks, and a source reservoir (i.e treatment plant) from which water is pumped through a pumping main to the overhead reservoir and later distributed to the network by gravity. After several runs the cost obtained from this network using OptiNetwork software under the application of genetics algorithm is $433,520.00which is lower than $435,118.00 obtained from OptiDesigner software. This difference is approximately 3% lower than the result obtained from OptiDesigner (a commercial software) with minimum pressure head of 3m and maximum of 100, Pressure penalty of 200,000 and probability of mutation equal to 0.03, also the commercial diameters of 4”, 6”, 8”, 10”, 12”, 14”, 16” 18” 20’’, 22’’and 24’’ dmin =4”, dmax = 24” were used for the distribution network during the optimization process. The results obtained shows that the introduction of the modified software (OptiNetwork) is justified. This is because it has been able to improve the search method in terms of achieving the “least-cost” designed water distribution system that will supply sufficient water quantities at adequate pressure to the consumers.

This paper critically reviews methods applied in forecasting production of unconventional gas plays. The review focuses on methodologies suitable for shale gas plays, methodological ability to account for parameter and data uncertainty, as well as suitability for appraising undeveloped shale gas plays. The production analysis and forecast methods reviewed include empirical/decline curves, type curves and analytical/numerical methods applicable to unconventional gas production analysis and forecast. The review shows that most of the studies focus on developed shale gas plays, neither account for shale gas well reservoir heterogeneity nor account for below ground uncertainties-such as reservoir and source rock properties. This study concludes that significant research is needed to address the identified limitations of existing studies.

A new method for preconcentration of ultratrace amounts of Co (II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) ions in various matrices has been proposed. The method is based on the adsorption and chelation of the metal ions on Amberlite XAD-4 resin modified with Quinol via azotisation prior to their determination by standard spectrophotometric method. The effect of pH, type, concentration and volume of eluent, sample volume,flow rates of sample and elution solutions, and interfering ions have been investigated. The optimum pH for retention of the metal ion were10.0, 7.0 and 7.0 respectively. Eluent for quantitative elution was 5 ml of 2 mol l−1 HCl. The optimum sample and eluent flow rates were found to be 2.5 ml min−1. The sorption capacity of the resin was found to be 0.60, 0.45 and 0.52mmolg-1 for Co (II), Ni (II) and Cu (II) respectively. The preconcentration factor of the method was 250 for all the metals. The detection limit values were in the range of 3.0- 5.0 µgl-1. The accuracy of the method was confirmed by analyzing standard synthetic mixtures and standard addition methods. This procedure was applied to the determination of Cobalt, Nickel and Copper from various water samples and SRM’s.

The historical weather datasets of different locations of India were complied for solar radiation, maximum and minimum temperatures and sunshine hours. Solar radiation is vital parameter, measured only at 35 meteorological stations all over the India. Our country, with diverse agro climatic zones, although covered by huge network of 550 Automatic Weather Stations but still faces the problem of acquisition of data related to key meteorological parameters. This paper aims to calibrate the coefficient of two equations: 1) Angstrom Prescott Equation [Rs= (a+b*n/N) Ra], which has input of sunshine hours data 2) Supit–Van Kappel Equation [H=Ho (a √Tmax-Tmin +b√ (1- Cw/8) +c), with the inputs of easily available temperature and cloud cover data, on the basis of 25 stations all over India representing diverse agro climatic zones. Extrapolation technique was used for the stations that are located within radius of 200 km. The relationship of solar radiation with square root of the difference in maximum and minimum temperatures was significant. The northern region showed greater range of predictability, i.e. 0.43 to 0.86 in winter; 0.19 to 0.82 in pre monsoon; 0.25 to 0.84 in monsoon and 0.40 to 0.89 in post monsoon which was statistically significant. The degree of prediction was higher for locations in northern and western regions, which was poor for all location in southern and eastern regions. The transmissivity of the atmosphere for global solar radiation under perfectly clear sky conditions is given as the sum of the regression coefficient a & b of Angstrom Prescott Equation. Also, the transmissivity of an overcast atmosphere is interpreted as the value of the intercept, a. From our regression constants (a = 0.23 and b = 0.38), it is observed that the atmospheric transmissivity under clear skies is 0.61. This result compares well with the value of 0.67 to 0.70 reported for the humid tropics [4]. The clear-sky transmissivity of most tropical regions in general seems to lie between 0.68 and 0.75 [1, 8].

PT Nexus Fashion & Sports is a manufacturing industry that produces work gloves and sports. The company's current production system has not been able to run effectively and in balance because production demand and production planning always change. Applying the right production system can provide the right production process. The Toyota Production System (TPS) can help companies cope with demand fluctuations and control production planning in a controlled manner. The basis for the implementation of TPS is the principle of heijunka, namely the fundamental removal of mura, muri, and muda. This study aims to measure the effectiveness of the production process and design the TPS based on the principle of heijunka to improve the productivity of human labor. Analysis of production process effectiveness using manufacturing cycle effectiveness (MCE) method was 67% and improvement proposal was 69%. Production rate balancing (mura) on production scheduling of TPS design based on heijunka principle using mixed model scheduling method produces daily flat based production. Alignment of workload (muri) using work load analysis method in March and April 2017 TPS design based on the principle of heijunka there were advantages of 1 person and 4 people. The average human work productivity of TPS design based on heijunka principle increased by 1.10%.