TRB3 Q84 Levels as New Biochemical Marker for the Early Detection and Diagnosis of Permanent Corneal Damage in Patients with Heart Failure
Abstract
Background and aim: Failure of heart (HF) represents a cause of illness and death. A common single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), identified as rs2295490, within the human gene tribbles pseudokinase 3 – glutamine at position 84 (TRB3 Q84) has been linked to a predisposition for early diagnosis of insulin resistance at a young age and type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to assess serum TRB3 Q84 levels in individuals with heart failure and to explore potential associations with selected biochemical markers. Materials and methods: A study was conducted involving 120 Iraqi participants, 60 heart failure patients; their ages ranged from <40 – 70> years (35 males and 25 females). To compare the results, 60 healthy adults were included as a control group; their ages ranged from <40 – 70> years (35 males and 25 females). The serum of TRB3 Q84 levels and markers of metabolic like BMI, W/H, SBP, DBP, creatinine, urea, AST, ALT, BNP, FSG, insulin, HOMA-IR, QUICKI and TGF-β were measured. The results were measured by statistical analysis. Results: As comparison between the groups of heart failure and control, respectively, the *mean* of the biomarkers showed a significantly increased of BNP levels (140±9 versus 50±7, P=0.02), FSG (104.3±8 versus 82.5±6, P=0.03), insulin (10±0.5 versus 6±0.2, P=0.05), *HOMA-IR* (4.1±0.3 versus 2.5±0.2, P=0.02), TGF-β (4.5±0.4 versus 3±0.2, P=0.02) and TRB3 Q84 (3±0.2 versus 1.85±0.1, P=0.01), while the mean of QUICKI levels showed a significantly decreased in the group of heart failure as compared with the group of control, respectively (0.38±0.02 versus 0.59±0.03, P=0.01). A strong significant direct correlation between TRB3 Q84 and BNP, FBS, insulin, HOMA-IR and TGF-β levels, while QUICKI levels *showed* a strong* *significant* *indirect* correlation with *TRB3 Q84* level. Conclusions: A *significant* *strong* - *positive* *correlation* was observed* between* TRB3 Q84, BNP, FSG, insulin, HOMA-IR and TGF-β biomarkers, while a significant strong negative correlation was identified between TRB3 Q84 and QUICKI in heart failure patients. Therefore, TRB3 Q84 levels may be used as an early diagnostic marker to identify permanent corneal fibrosis in heart failure patients.